Security Engagement Overview
Industry Profile
Global logistics firm with hybrid infrastructure—including on-prem servers, containerized applications, and multi-cloud deployments spanning AWS and Azure.
Assessment Scope
The client's transition to cloud-native operations introduced visibility gaps and left critical services exposed through outdated firewall rules and misconfigured IAM policies.
- Unfiltered access from public IPs to cloud load balancers
- Misconfigured S3 buckets and exposed secrets in CI/CD pipelines
- Open internal ports on legacy VM instances accessible via VPN
Vulnerability Analysis
- Perimeter Exposure: Load balancer routing rules allowed unauthenticated traffic to backend services bypassing WAF.
- Cloud Misconfigurations: Multiple S3 buckets had “public read” permissions and exposed sensitive customer billing data.
- Internal Pathways: VPN split-tunneling enabled lateral movement from low-trust devices into secure zones.
Mitigation Strategy
- Implemented geo-based firewall rules and WAF access control for edge services
- Audited and enforced bucket-level security policies via automated scanners
- Replaced VPN with a zero-trust network access architecture using identity-aware proxies
Strategic Takeaways
- Network segmentation must span clouds and physical infrastructure
- Least privilege and continuous IAM policy audits are non-negotiable
- Secrets management is critical within CI/CD pipelines
- Threat modeling across data flows reveals paths traditional scanners miss